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wikitox:arterial_blood_gases [2024/04/24 00:49] – kharriswikitox:arterial_blood_gases [2025/02/17 00:33] (current) – kharris
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-Link to [[:wikitox:3.2.1.1.1_acidosis_teaching_resources|Acidosis Teaching Resources]]\\ +====== Arterial Blood Gases ======
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- <font 36px/inherit;;#c12b04;;inherit>Arterial Blood Gases</font> +
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 Blood gas analysis is readily available and provides useful information about the acid-base status of a patient. The following is a simplified approach to interpreting arterial blood gas analysis. A more comprehensive resource is found at [[http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ABindex.php|http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ABindex.php]] Blood gas analysis is readily available and provides useful information about the acid-base status of a patient. The following is a simplified approach to interpreting arterial blood gas analysis. A more comprehensive resource is found at [[http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ABindex.php|http://www.anaesthesiamcq.com/AcidBaseBook/ABindex.php]]
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   * alkalaemia = high pH > 7.45   * alkalaemia = high pH > 7.45
  
-The venous pH is ~ 0.05 lower than arterial pH. \\+The venous pH is ~ 0.05 lower than arterial pH. \\  \\  \\
  <font inherit/inherit;;#c12b04;;inherit>**What is the pCO2?**</font>  <font inherit/inherit;;#c12b04;;inherit>**What is the pCO2?**</font>
  
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   * a raised HCO3 (> 24) implies a metabolic alkalosis   * a raised HCO3 (> 24) implies a metabolic alkalosis
  
-The base excess gives similar information with a normal BE being -3 to +3. With a low base excess (BE less than – 3) implying a metabolic acidosis and a raised base excess (BE more than 3) implying a metabolic alkalosis. +The base excess gives similar information with a normal BE being -3 to +3. With a low base excess (BE less than – 3) implying a metabolic acidosis and a raised base excess (BE more than 3) implying a metabolic alkalosis. \\  \\ 
- <font inherit/inherit;;#c12b04;;inherit>\\ **Is there any compensation?**</font>+ <font inherit/inherit;;#c12b04;;inherit>**Is there any compensation?**</font>
  
 Both the lungs and kidneys adapt to compensate for acid-base disturbances in an attempt to bring the pH closer to normal. The adequacy of this compensation should be assessed. Both the lungs and kidneys adapt to compensate for acid-base disturbances in an attempt to bring the pH closer to normal. The adequacy of this compensation should be assessed.
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 ---- ----
  
-===== Metabolic Acidosis =====+===== Types of Metabolic Acidosis =====
  
 The anion Gap is the measured cations minus the measured anions and reflects any unmeasured anions. The normal value is < 12. The anion Gap is the measured cations minus the measured anions and reflects any unmeasured anions. The normal value is < 12.
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   * **C**arbon monoxide, cyanide   * **C**arbon monoxide, cyanide
   * **A**lcohol, alcohol ketoacidosis   * **A**lcohol, alcohol ketoacidosis
-  * **T**oluene * ** M**etformin, methanol+  * **T**oluene 
 +  * **M**etformin, methanol
   * **U**raemia   * **U**raemia
   * **D**iabetic ketoacidosis   * **D**iabetic ketoacidosis
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   * **R**enal tubular acidosis   * **R**enal tubular acidosis
   * **P**ancreatic fistula   * **P**ancreatic fistula
-—-+ <font inherit/inherit;;#ffffff;;inherit>d</font> 
 + 
 +----
  
 ===== Other useful information on a blood gas ===== ===== Other useful information on a blood gas =====