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| wikitox:arterial_blood_gases [2024/04/24 00:50] – kharris | wikitox:arterial_blood_gases [2025/02/17 00:33] (current) – kharris | ||
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| Blood gas analysis is readily available and provides useful information about the acid-base status of a patient. The following is a simplified approach to interpreting arterial blood gas analysis. A more comprehensive resource is found at [[http:// | Blood gas analysis is readily available and provides useful information about the acid-base status of a patient. The following is a simplified approach to interpreting arterial blood gas analysis. A more comprehensive resource is found at [[http:// | ||
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| * alkalaemia = high pH > 7.45 | * alkalaemia = high pH > 7.45 | ||
| - | The venous pH is ~ 0.05 lower than arterial pH. \\ | + | The venous pH is ~ 0.05 lower than arterial pH. \\ \\ \\ |
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| * Hypoxia | * Hypoxia | ||
| * Anxiety | * Anxiety | ||
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| * a raised HCO3 (> 24) implies a metabolic alkalosis | * a raised HCO3 (> 24) implies a metabolic alkalosis | ||
| - | The base excess gives similar information with a normal BE being -3 to +3. With a low base excess (BE less than – 3) implying a metabolic acidosis and a raised base excess (BE more than 3) implying a metabolic alkalosis. \\ | + | The base excess gives similar information with a normal BE being -3 to +3. With a low base excess (BE less than – 3) implying a metabolic acidosis and a raised base excess (BE more than 3) implying a metabolic alkalosis. |
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| - | ===== Metabolic Acidosis ===== | + | ===== Types of Metabolic Acidosis ===== |
| The anion Gap is the measured cations minus the measured anions and reflects any unmeasured anions. The normal value is < 12. | The anion Gap is the measured cations minus the measured anions and reflects any unmeasured anions. The normal value is < 12. | ||
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| * **C**arbon monoxide, cyanide | * **C**arbon monoxide, cyanide | ||
| * **A**lcohol, | * **A**lcohol, | ||
| - | * **T**oluene * ** M**etformin, | + | * **T**oluene |
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| * **U**raemia | * **U**raemia | ||
| * **D**iabetic ketoacidosis | * **D**iabetic ketoacidosis | ||
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| * **R**enal tubular acidosis | * **R**enal tubular acidosis | ||
| * **P**ancreatic fistula | * **P**ancreatic fistula | ||
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| ===== Other useful information on a blood gas ===== | ===== Other useful information on a blood gas ===== | ||