wikitox:electrolytes_and_blood_glucose

Electrolytes and Blood Glucose

Salicylates cause many other electrolyte abnormalities including hypo/hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia and hypocalcaemia.
Hyperkalaemia and an increased anion gap will occur with all of these poisonings.

BIOCHEMISTRY and BRADYARRHYTHMIAS

Severe hypokalaemia occurs in chloroquine poisoning.
Hypoglycaemia occurs in beta blocking drug poisoning.
Hyperkalaemia suggest acute digoxin poisoning.

BIOCHEMISTRY and COMA

Hypoglycaemic drugs & insulin will cause hypoglycaemia, but so will salicylates and liver failure.
Toxic alcohols (methanol, ethylene glycol, & isopropyl alcohol) may cause an osmolal gap and methanol, ethylene glycol, and salicylates will cause a high anion gap acidosis.

BIOCHEMISTRY and HALLUCINATION

Hypokalaemia, mild acidosis, and hyperglycaemia may occur with amphetamine/cocaine.
Hypoglycaemia may occur in alcohol withdrawal.

BIOCHEMISTRY and HYPOTENSION

Acidosis should be corrected in all patients using NaHCO3. A rapid response suggests TCAsor antiarrhythmic drug poisoning.
Hypoglycaemia occurs sometimes with beta blocking drug poisoning.
Marked hyperkalaemia suggests severe digoxin poisoning.
Hypokalaemia is seen in severe chloroquine poisoning.

BIOCHEMISTRY and SEIZURES

Blood glucose and electrolytes should be taken and are occasionally helpful.
Hypokalaemia suggests chloroquine poisoning.
Hypokalaemia and acidosis suggests salicylate poisoning.
Acidosis also occurs with most of these drugs as seizures cause a lactic acidosis.

BIOCHEMISTRY and SYMPATHOMIMETICS

Hypokalaemia, hyperglycaemia, and acidosis may occur in all of these poisonings and is of little diagnostic value.

BIOCHEMISTRY and TACHYARRHYTHMIAS

Hypokalaemia occurs in theophylline and other sympathomimetic drug poisonings and in chloroquine ingestion.
Hyperkalaemia (K > 6.0 mmol/L) suggests digoxin poisoning but may occur with acidosis.
Marked acidosis occurring prior to arrhythmias suggests salicylate ingestion or drugs that lead to tissue hypoxia.

wikitox/electrolytes_and_blood_glucose.txt · Last modified: 2018/09/01 09:01 by 127.0.0.1

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